Simple present (presente simples) – Revisão Inglês Enem

(UECE CE/2004)

THE TREE MASSACRE

by Alex Shoumatoff

The paper industry is destroying¹¹ one of America’s last great stands of native forest²⁵ to bring you fresh shopping¹² bags and toilet paper.

If there were an international tribunal that prosecuted⁹ crimes against the planet, like the one in The Hague that deals²³ with crimes against humanity, what is happening²² on the Cumberland Plateau in eastern Tennessee would undoubtedly be indictable.

The crime — one of many clandestine ecocides American corporations are committing¹ around the world — has taken² place²⁸ over three decades. About 200,000 acres on this tableland have already been clear-cut³⁰ by the paper industry, and the cutting¹³ continues³. Where once grew¹⁰ some of the most biologically rich hardwood forest in North America’s Temperate Zone (which extends⁴ from the Gulf of Mexico to southern Canada), there are now row after row of fast-growing loblolly pine trees genetically engineered to yield the most pulp in the shortest time. But the paper industry’s insatiable appetite²⁶ for timber has met⁵ with unexpected competition from an equally voracious insect. In the last four years, an estimated 50 to 70 percent of the pines planted⁶ on the plateau have been devoured³¹ by the southern pine beetle. The entire South has been ravaged³² by the worst outbreak in its history of this native predator of pine trees, caused by the tremendous increase in the amount of pine available for it to eat on the industry plantations that have replaced²⁰ the native forest. Unable to salvage its dead timber, the paper industry has been losing¹⁷ hundreds of millions of dollars. Yet it seems⁷ still committed to destroying¹⁶ what remains²⁴ of the extraordinarily lush forest on the Cumberland Plateau, which, along with eastern Tennessee’s Great Valley and the Cumberland Mountains, has the highest concentration of endangered species in North America. The loss of biodiversity is tragic but also absurd economically; it doesn’t even make good business sense.

Not many people are aware of what is taking¹⁴ place³³. Nearly 90 percent of the Cumberland Plateau is in private hands and exempt from all but a few government regulations¹⁸. The federal and state agencies that are supposed to be regulating the paper, timber, and mining¹⁵ industries are populated with³⁴ these companies’ former executives and have come²⁹ to view these industries as clients whose permits and projects should be facilitated³⁵ rather than scrutinized. But a quarter of the world’s paper²⁷ and 60 percent of America’s wood products are being¹⁹ produced³⁶ in the South, and the will to address the abuses of the paper industry, which contributes⁸ millions of dollars to the campaign coffers of politicians around the country, just isn’t there — certainly not in Tennessee.

There’s another reason for the lack of public awareness: Much of the devastation is hidden from view by thin “beauty strips” of native forest left along the plateau’s highways. The only way to get the full picture is to go up in a small plane and see it from the air.

VOCABULÁRIO

loblolly pine – espécie de pinheiro

beetle – besouro, inseto

timber – madeira

to ravage – devastar

Assinale a opção cujos verbos estão no simple present:

(UNIFOR CE/2001)

In the age-old battle between independence-seeking teenagers and worried parents, the older generation is packing some new weapons. Caller ID tells parents who is calling their kids. Cell-phone bills detail every local number the kid has called. New computer programs track just about everything − every Web site visited, every e-mail sent − that a teenager does online.

Parental reconnaissance is going to get worse − or good, depending on your perspective.

(Wall Street Journal, Nov. 6, 2000)

Os verbos que estão no Simple Present, no texto, são

(UPE/2012)

THE MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are the most broadly supported comprehensive and specific development goals the world has ever agreed upon. These eight time-bound goals provide concrete, numerical benchmarks for tackling extreme poverty in its many dimensions. They include goals and targets on income poverty, hunger, maternal and child mortality, disease, inadequate shelter, gender inequality, environmental degradation and the Global Partnership for Development.

Adopted by world leaders in the year 2000 and set to be achieved by 2015, the MDGs are both global and local, tailored by each country to suit specific development needs. They provide a framework for the entire international community to work together towards a common end — making sure that human development reaches everyone, everywhere. If these goals are achieved, world poverty will be cut by half, tens of millions of lives will be saved, and billions more people will have the opportunity to benefit from the global economy.

Here is the complete list of the MDGs:

1. Eradicate extreme poverty.
2. Achieve universal primary education.
3. Promote gender equality and empower women.
4. Reduce child mortality.
5. Improve maternal health.
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases.
7. Ensure environmental sustainability.
8. Develop a global partnership for development.

(Adaptado de MDG Strategies. Disponível em http://www.beta.undp.org. Acessado em 28/08/2011)

Analise o que se afirma a respeito dos vocábulos retirados do texto.

I. Comprehensive e supported são palavras falsas cognatas.
II. Develop, improve, make e ensure são verbos regulares.
III. Numerical, inadequate, environmental e global são adjetivos.
IV. If (“If these goals are achieved…”) é um conector que indica condição.
V. Towards é verbo, está no simple present e significa concordar.

Somente estão CORRETOS

(UNIOESTE PR/2012)

Brazil presidency website hacked, jammed in attack claimed by Lulz collective

A cyber attack blocked traffic to the website of the Brazilian presidency and two other government sites on Wednesday, authorities said.

The Brazilian branch of the Lulz Security hacking collective claimed responsibility for the attacks.

Lulz members have claimed responsibility for recent attacks on the site of electronics giant Sony, along with the CIA web page and the U.S. Senate computer system.

The Brazilian president’s office said in a statement that attacks on the website of the presidency, along with the nation’s internal revenue service and a government portal began around 12:30 a.m. and lasted until 3 a.m.

The government said it stopped the hackers from obtaining data from the websites, but that the attacks made them inaccessible for about an hour.

Hours later, people who claimed to be Lulz members said on Twitter that they had taken down the website of oil company Petrobras, whose website was down Wednesday afternoon. Petrobras would not confirm whether the problems with its website were caused by an attack.

On a Twitter page in the name of the Brazilian branch of Lulz, posters justified the apparent attack on the Petrobras website by complaining about the price of gasoline in Brazil.

“Wake up Brazil! We no longer want to buy gas at 2.75 to 2.78 reals ($1.73 to $1.75) and export for half of that price!” stated one tweet from the group.

Adapted from: http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/americas/
brazil-presidency-website-hacked-jammedin- attack-claimed-by-lulz-collective/2011/06/22/AGb53KgH_story.html

Which verb form is used in the sentence: “Wake up Brazil!”.

(UFRR/2016)

Choose the alternative which contains the correct form of the verbs to fill the gaps in the following paragraph: “The most notorious computer lifeforms ___________ the electronic viruses that ____________injected into computer networks. Like real viruses, these programs ____________ the ability to ____________ a host computer and ___________ without restraint, sometimes ______________ considerable damage.

(UEL PR/2015)

The world was shocked when Qatar won the bid to host the 2022 World Cup in 2010. Of course, there’s the weather: the Persian Gulf state suffers temperatures well north of 100 degrees – sometimes over 120 – in the World Cup months of June and July. And there’s the fact that the tiny, oil-rich nation has little soccer history or presence on the sport’s international stage: It’s never sent a team to the Cup to compete. Turns out, there may have been more suspicious factors behind FIFA’s bizarre decision. The British press have alleged that Qatari billionaire Mohamed bin Hammam paid off FIFA officials in order to secure their votes to bring the Cup to his country. If the allegations are true, FIFA Vice President Jim Boyce said he’d push to strip Qatar of the Cup and re-award it to another country. What could push all this to critical mass is ongoing outrage over Qatar’s mistreatment of the construction workers tasked with building Cup infrastructure. The long hours of hard labor in unbearably hot conditions have proven lethal: It’s estimated that 1200 workers have died in Qatar since the country was awarded the Cup. They are almost exclusively migrant workers from South and Southeast Asia and can only leave Qatar with the written permission of their employers – a system some watchers have compared to slavery. Five of the World Cup’s six top corporate sponsors (including Coca-Cola and Adidas) have voiced concern over corruption and worker abuse allegations, and publicly back formal investigations. Blatter, in a rare off-message moment, admitted that giving Qatar the bid was a “mistake”. Qatari officials have denied wrong doing on corruption charges and promised to reform labor laws – but clearly, they have a lot more to worry about than air-conditioning their stadiums.

(Adaptado de: <http://www.motherjones.com/media/2014/06/
fifa-world-cup-scandals-brazil-qatar>. Acesso em: 17 set. 2014.)

Considere a frase a seguir.

If the allegations are true, FIFA Vice President Jim Boyce said he’d push to strip Qatar of the Cup and re-award it to another country.”

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta, corretamente, o que expressam os trechos sublinhados.

(UNCISAL AL/2015)

Minister Norman Baker wants end to UK animal tests

By Brian Wheeler

Political reporter

The minister in charge of regulating animal experiments in the UK has said he wants to see an end to all testing.

[…]

Disponível em: <http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-28580792&gt;. Acesso em: 31 jul. 2014.

Ao seguir a regra gramatical de conjugação de verbos, de acordo com o exemplo da manchete da reportagem acima, a frase “She ________ her dignity at any price” será completada da seguinte forma com o verbo “to pursue”.

(UEPG PR/2015)

CHIEF SEATTLE’S LETTER

“The Great Chief in Washington sends word that he wishes to buy our land. The Great Chief also sends us words of friendship and good will. This is kind of him, since we know he has little need of our friendship in return. But we will consider your offer, for we know if we do not so the white man may come with guns and take our land. What Chief Seattle says you can count on as truly as our white brothers can count on the return of the seasons. My words are like the stars – they do not set.

How can you buy or sell the sky, the warmth of the land? The idea is strange to us. Yet we do not own the freshness of the air or the sparkle of the water. How can you buy them from us? We will decide in our time. Every part of this earth is sacred to my people. Every shining pine needle, every sandy shore, every mist in the dark woods, every clearing, and every humming insect is holy in the memory and experience of my people.

We know that the white man does not understand our ways. One portion of land is the same to him as the next, for he is a stranger who comes in the night and takes from the land whatever he needs. There is no quiet place in the white man’s cities. No place to listen to the leaves of spring or the rustle of insect wings.

If we agree, it will be to secure the reservation you have promised. There perhaps we may live out our brief days as we wish. When the last redman has vanished from the earth, and the memory is only the shadow of a cloud passing over the prairie, these shores and forests will still hold the spirits of my people, for they love this earth as the newborn loves his mother’s heartbeat.

If we sell you our land, love it as we have loved it. Care for it as we have cared for it. Hold in your memory the way the land is as you take it. And with all your strength, with all your might, and with all your heart, preserve it for your children, and love it as God loves us all. One thing we know – our God is the same. This earth is precious to him. Even the white man cannot escape the common destiny. All things are connected. Whatever befalls the earth befalls the sons of the earth.”

(Resumo da carta enviada pelo Chefe Seattle, da Tribo Dwamish de Washington, ao Presidente Pierce em 1855.)

Adaptado de: Rediscovering The North American Vision
(IC#3) Copy-right (c) 1983, 1996 by Context Institute.

Assinale o que for correto sobre os segmentos verbais presentes na última sentença do quarto parágrafo: has vanished, will…hold, love e loves.

(UDESC SC/2012)

2012’s Second Sun

¹Earth is believed to be getting a second sun burning in the sky near the end of 2012, as the second biggest star in the universe, Betelgeuse, is dying, which will lead to “multiple days of constant daylight”.

Many ancient cultures have speculated about the appearance of a second sun and this ⁵event appears to tie in very closely with the December 21 2012 predictions.

Betelgeuse is the second biggest star in the universe and the eighth brightest in the night sky, Scientists have determined that the star is losing mass at a rapid rate, which indicates it will go supernova very soon.

The light emitted from this exploding star will be so bright that it will appear for a few ¹⁰weeks at the end of 2012 as a second sun in the sky. There may be little if no period of darkness or night according to senior lecturer of physics at the University of Southern Queensland, Brad Carter.

Earth will experience “brightness for a brief period of time for a couple of weeks and then over the coming months it begins to fade and then eventually it will be very hard to see at ¹⁵all”, explained the Australian scientist Brad Carter to news.com.au.

Scientist have known about this dying star which is 640 light years away from Earth, since 2005. It is believed that as Betelgeuse goes supernova it will not be harmful to Earth. “There will be neutrinos emitted during the supernova process, said University of Minnesota physics professor Priscilla Cushman, but neutrinos, even lots and lots of them, ²⁰are only weakly interacting, so they won’t affect life on earth”, but that is only speculation at this point.

The fact is, we as human beings have never experienced anything like this before so close to our home planet, and to be honest, we just don’t know for sure what this event could bring.

(www.december212012.com) on 30/08/11

The verb tenses “have speculated” (ref. 1), “have determined” (ref. 5) and “have known” (ref. 15) are:

(UDESC SC/2011)

English Around the World

(by 5 minute English)

Have you ever had the desire to wander the world and see what was out there? While some people prefer to stay in the comfort of their own home, others have been bitten by the travel bug and can’t wait to explore the world. Exotic places call to them. “Come visit me and I will show you my mysteries,” they say.

Every year millions of people pack their suitcases or put on backpacks and flock to visit the seven continents of the world. They wander through the castles and museums of Europe, and the cities and natural wonders of North and South America. Some visit the vast exotic cultures of Asia, Africa and the Middle East. The great outback of Australia is a wonderland for those who go there. And a few lucky people even make to the most mysterious continent on the earth- Antarctica.

Why do people want to explore the world? It gives them a better perspective about the earth and the people living on it. It opens their minds, it gives them a feeling of accomplishment, and it makes them feel alive. So save some money, get your passport ready, and see the world. It will change your life forever.

The correct verb tense used in the sentence “… others have been bitten by the travel bug…” is: