Verbo TO BE – Inglês Enem

(UEFS BA/2013)

¹ The idea of “cittaslow” or “slow cities” was inspired ² by the Slow Food movement, and it was started by the ³ mayor of the small Italian town of Greve in Chianti. The ⁴ aim of slow cities is to make our towns places where ⁵ people enjoy living and working, and where they value ⁶ and protect the things that make the town different. ⁷ Towns that want to become a Slow City have to reduce ⁸ traffic and noise, increase the number of green areas, ⁹ plant trees, build pedestrian areas, and promote local ¹⁰ businesses and traditions.

¹¹ Many other small towns in Italy have joined the ¹² movement, and it has spread to other countries all over ¹³ the world. Aylsham in the UK recently became a slow ¹⁴ city, and most people are delighted.

¹⁵ “Slow cities are about having a community life in ¹⁶ the town, so people don’t come home from work, shut ¹⁷ their doors and that’s it,” said a local resident. “It is not ¹⁸ ‘slow’ as in ‘stupid.’ It is ‘slow’ as in the opposite of ¹⁹ ‘frantic’ and ‘stressful.’ It is about quality of life.”

²⁰ But not everybody in Aylsham is happy. For ²¹ teenagers, who have to go 25 kilometers to Norwich, the ²² nearest city, to buy tennis shoes or CDs, living in a slow ²³ city is not very attractive. “It’s all right here,” says Lewis ²⁴ Cook, 16. “But if you want excitement, you have to go to ²⁵ Norwich. We need more things here for young people.”

Oxenden, C. & Latham-Koenig, C. American English File, Student Book, p. 71.

“Towns that want to become a Slow City have to reduce traffic and noise” (Refs. 7-8).

The verb phrase “have to” can be replaced, without any change of meaning, by

(UNIFOR CE/2006)

Coughing Kitties
Maryann Mott

Feline asthma [TO BE] a new disease. It was first described in scientific literature more than 90 years ago, says veterinarian Philip Padrid of the Family Pet Animal Hospital in Chicago.
Nicki Reed, a veterinarian at the University of Edinburgh’s Hospital for Small Animals, says that when a coughing cat is brought to the clinic, she must first establish if [ARTICLE] cause is [ARTICLE] infection, asthma, or something more sinister, like a lung mass.
To do this, Reed usually performs an x-ray, takes a lung fluid sample, and conducts a bronchcoscopy _ an examination that uses a flexible microscope inserted into the cat’s airway.
Most of the time, asthma is a mild disease, Reed says. But in some cases cat’s lungs collapse or their ribs fracture due to difficulty in breathing.
“I think if we can identify asthmatic cats quite early and get treatments on board to suppress their cough, then hopefully we can avoid them coming to such extremes,” she said.

(Adapted from http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/10/1025_051025_cat_asthma.html)

The correct form of the verb in “Feline asthma [TO BE] a new disease.” is

(UNAMA AM/2002)

The verb to be in the sentence shows:

(UNIFOR CE/2001)

Robotic Engineers:
Engineers [TO BE] needed to build robots that do everything from assembling machinery to caring for aging parents.

Tech Teachers:
As technology use increases in all industries, more adulteducation teachers are needed to give workers the skills to survive. About half of all adults are currently enrolled in an adult-education class.

Tech Support:
Technology isn’t infallible, and skilled workers who can fix frustrating problems are rarely needed. Estimates show a 222 percentage boost in computer-support jobs by 2008.

(Newsweek, April 30, 2001)

The correct form of the verb to be in the first paragraph is

(IFGO/2016)

What Success at the Paris Climate Conference Looks Like
Rebecca Leber

Right now, we’re in a car, hanging on for dear life as we hurtle around a mountain bend. If we don’t hit the brakes soon, we’re going to lose control, crash through the guardrail, and careen into the abyss. We’ve been fully warned about the danger ahead, but now here we are, testing our fate.
Already, the effects of climate change are clear and significant. Last year was the hottest in recorded history, and it’s all but certain that 2015 will set a new record, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Wildfires in the West this year have consumed a massive eight million acres of land and counting, while superstorms like Katrina and Sandy are becoming stronger and more frequent. But that’s just the beginning. By the end of the century, the planet will become unrecognizable. The western United States will face Dust Bowl-like conditions that will persist for more than 30 years. As the oceans rise, island nations like the Maldives could disappear completely, while millions of people in Miami, New York, and Bangladesh will be forced from their homes. Looking further out, over the next several hundred years, the melting ice caps could cause sea levels to surge up to 200 feet, high enough to sink a ten-story building.
These are not fantasies dreamed up by some Hollywood studio. They’re ripped from the pages of sober scientific journals and official reports. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which operates under the auspices of the United Nations, foresees environmental impacts that are “severe, pervasive, and irreversible”. The World Bank has warned that humanity may not be able to adapt to this warmer world.
By certain measures, it’s already too late. Politicians, climatologists, and environmental activists have long rallied around 2 degrees Celsius of warming as a decisive point, after which we can no longer stave off disaster. Today, however, we’re already at 0.9 degrees of warming above preindustrial averages, and we’re on track to blow past 2 degrees by the middle of the century and well over 4 degrees by the end of it. At the rate we’re going, just limiting global warming to 2 degrees is a pipe dream. That doesn’t mean the planet is doomed, however. We can still prevent the most devastating effects of climate change if we take action now. The 2-degree target isn’t a hard and fast cut-off, says NASA climate scientist Gavin Schmidt. Instead, it’s more like a speed limit. “The faster you’re going around that curve, the more dangerous it is going to be,” he told me. We may end up scraping the guardrail on our way around the mountain bend, but it’s still possible to keep the car on the road.

Newsweek, nov.2, 2015. Available at: <http://www.newsweek.com/
parisclimate-conference-success-389792>.
Access on: nov.03, 2015 [Adapted].

Read the extract from the text and then answer the question.

“We’ve been fully warned about the danger ahead, but now here we are, testing our fate.”

About the extract, it is correct to affirm that

(UNCISAL AL/2016)

Paris attacks: US states halt taking Syrian refugees

More than a dozen US states say Syrian refugees are no longer welcome due to security fears after the Paris attacks.
Governor Rick Snyder of Michigan said he was suspending the acceptance of new arrivals until after a review.
Alabama, Texas and several other states issued similar statements but a State Department spokesman said the legality of this action was still unclear.
President Barack Obama has urged the US to “step up and do its part” to help those fleeing the civil war. “Slamming the door in their faces would be a betrayal of our values,” he said.
[…]

Disponível em: <http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-34835353&gt;. Acesso em: 18 nov. 2015.

Na oração “Slamming the door in their faces would be a betrayal of our values,” qual a função sintática do termo em destaque?

(UFRR/2016)

Roraima is an interesting mountain located in the Guiana Highlands. The peak actually shares the border with Venezuela, Brazil, and Guyana, but the mountain is almost always approached from the Venezuela side. The Brazil and Guyana sides are much more difficult. The mountain’s highest point is Maverick Rock which is at and on the Venezuela side (though some other sources may differ on this). The Guiana Highlands is a very unusual mountain range covering parts of Venezuela, Brazil, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. The highlands are made of ancient sedimentary rock that is over two billion years old and are some of the oldest sedimentary rocks on the planet.

The mountain is known as a Tepui, which describes a flattopped mountain with vertical sides. Many waterfalls spill off Roraima, and the other Tepuis; nearly everyone has heard of Angel Falls, which spills off another nearby Tepui. There are many interesting plants that grow on the summit, including many carnivorous plants, i.e., ones that eat insects. There is little soil on top because the constant rains wash it away.

Monte Roraima was the first of the Tepuis to be climbed and the credit goes to English botanist Everard Im Thurn on an expedition sponsored by the Royal Geographical Society in 1884. It was his subsequent lectures in England, that are believed to have inspired Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s book ‘The Lost World’.

Which word below, extracted from the text, is NOT a verb?

(IFPE/2016)

Migrant crisis: Hamburg uses shipping containers as homes

Dust blows across the path as women carry what possessions they have in flimsy blue bin bags. One calls out to a little boy on a bicycle but her words are lost in the sound of loud drilling and hammering.

Workmen are still building this site and these are some of Hamburg’s newest refugee homes, with room for just over 200 people.
All around are converted shipping containers: functional metal boxes painted red and stacked two storeys high. New tenants are already moving in.
A family invites us inside. Yusef is an energetic young man who introduces his wife, a shy pregnant woman in a bright pink headscarf, and his little girl.
“I didn’t like life in Iraq,” he tells me. “Maybe I’m killed, maybe my children are killed, maybe my wife is killed. In the markets there are car bombers, in the hospital there are car bombers.”
The family is waiting to hear whether Germany will give them a home for the long term.
It can take up to five months for an asylum application to be processed, although the government has promised to reduce the average waiting time to three months.
For now, Yusef and his family live in a single room and share a kitchen and bathroom with the other tenants. His oldest child is now in a German school. He hopes to learn German then get a job.
As Yusef makes tentative plans for the future, the authorities in Hamburg are struggling. It’s estimated that about 400 refugees and migrants arrive here every day.

HILL, Jenny. Migrant crisis: Hamburg uses shipping containers as homes. Disponível em: <http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34454384&gt;. Acesso em: 08 out. 2015.

The man interviewed said : “I didn´t like life in Iraq” . Which of the following sentences show the same verb tense of the sentence said by Yusef?

(Mackenzie SP/2013) 

JOIN MY NEW CLUB, “TGIT”

Until now, the business world was primarily made of two clubs. The most popular club, by far, was the “TGIF” club, or “Thank God It’s Friday.” To be a member of this club, your primary focus is on the weekend. Members think about, anticipate, and look forward to Fridays so that they can get away from their work. Most members are highly stressed because only two days of the week are considered “good days.” Even Sunday is considered stressful because the next day they have to go back to work.
The other business club is substantially smaller, yet in some ways the members are more dedicated to the club. This one is called “TGIM,” or “Thank God It’s Monday.” These members are usually workaholics who can’t stand weekends because they are away from work! Members of this club are also highly stressed because while there are generally five days of the week to be preoccupied with work, there is always that darn weekend that gets in the way! The most difficult day of the week is usually Friday, because it often means the member won’t be able to get back to work for a few days. They may try to work on weekends, but the demands of family get in the way. Needless to say, members of both clubs think members of the “other club” are completely nuts!
I invite you to join an alternate club. My hope is that together, we can eventually achieve a 100 percent membership. In fact, I’d love to put the other two clubs out of business altogether! This new club is called “TGIT,” or “Thank God It’s Today.” Members of this club are happy seven days a week because they understand that every day is unique, and each brings with it different gifts. Members of this club are grateful to be alive; they rejoice in their many blessings and expect each day to be full of wonder, surprise, and opportunity.
There are no qualifications necessary to join the “TGIT” club, other than the desire to have a higher quality of life and the desire to appreciate rather than dread each day. Members of this club understand that it’s useless to wish any day were different. They know that Mondays don’t care if you like them or not – they simply go on being Mondays. Likewise, Fridays will come around every seventh day, ___( I )___. It’s up to each of us to make every day as special as it can be. No amount of wishing will make the slightest bit of difference.
Don’t sweat the small stuff

By Richard Carlson

In the sentence, “they rejoice in their many blessings, …” the verb to rejoice in means

(UFT TO/2012)

Hi Adriana,
How are things back in Rome? Are you glad to be home again? Sorry I haven’t written lately. I’ve been a bit depressed. My grades aren’t as good as they used to be. Classes didn’t use to be so difficult!
I have to say, I miss you. You used to be such a good influence on me! These days, I oversleep. I often miss my classes! That never used to happen because I knew I had to meet you at the café in the morning. I remember how you would complain about the coffee here in Canada. You used to call it “brown water”!
I’m spending too much money too. Every time I go to the mall, I see something I want to buy. That’s another reason I miss you! I would see some great jacket, but you wouldn’t let me buy it. You would always tell me I didn’t need it and drag me away!
Also, I have a noisy new roommate, Cindy. All she ever does is gab on her cell! Remember the way we would sit around talking? You always used to make me laugh. I bet that’s a big reason I never used to feel stressed like I do now!
Anyway, exams will be over on Friday, so I’m sure I’ll feel better then.
Write soon!
Annie

RICHARDS, J. C.; SANDY, C. Passages. Cambridge: CUP, 2008. p.74 (Adapted).

Judge the sentences according to the text:

I. The word “oversleep” in the sentence “These days, I oversleep,” means sleep for longer than intended.
II. Annie used to complain about the coffee because of its “brown water” appearance.
III. We can state that the word “miss” in the sentence “I have to say, I miss you” has the same meaning as in the phrase “I often miss my classes!”
IV. Annie is a bit depressed but she thinks she will be better as soon as she finishes her exams.
V. The verb “to gab” in the sentence “All she ever does is gab on her cell!” means to talk continuously, especially about things which are not important.

Mark the CORRECT answer: