Apóstrofo – Revisão e Simulado Enem de Inglês com 10 questões

(UNIFOR CE/2013)

She’s a cutie.

I’m a university student.

They’re good guys.

It’s a nice day.

O uso do ‘s (apóstrofo ’s’) nas frases acima indica:
I. plural
II. adição de uma letra
III. subtração de uma letra
IV. caso genitivo
V. terceira pessoa do plural

Marque a opção correta.

(UEMT/2010)

BRAZIL‘S ECONOMY LEAVES RECESSION

¹Brazil has come out of recession after its economy grew in the April-to-June quarter. The largest economy in Latin America expanded by 1.9% in the second quarter from ⁵the previous three months. Data also showed Sweden emerged from recession on Friday, a sign that economies are starting to recover from the global economic downturn. Other countries that have come out recession ¹⁰include the eurozone’s largest economies, Germany and France. Japan, the world’s second-largest economy, also grew by 0.6% in the second quarter, less than the 0.9% growth the government initially estimated. ¹⁵Most countries have enacted large stimulus packages to pull themselves out of the slump. Brazil has poured money into large-scale public infrastructure projects, cut taxes on new cars and passed tax breaks on ²⁰companies and individuals. The return to growth means that Brazil’s recession was comparatively short, amounting to just two quarters of negative growth. The economy shrank by 1% in the first three months of ²⁵2009, a revision from the previouslyannounced 0.8%, said statistics agency IBGE. In the last quarter of 2008, Brazil saw a contraction of 3.4%, itself a revision from an earlier figure of 3.8%. On Thursday, the ³⁰Brazilian government said inflation had slowed in August, giving a total of 4.4% for the past 12 months. The rate is below the central bank’s 2009 inflation target of 4.5%.

Fonte: http://news.bbc.co.uk (Acessado em 14/09/09)

Assinale a alternativa correta.

(UNIFOR CE/2006)

Coughing Kitties

Maryann Mott

Feline asthma [TO BE] a new disease. It was first described in scientific literature more than 90 years ago, says veterinarian Philip Padrid of the Family Pet Animal Hospital in Chicago.

Nicki Reed, a veterinarian at the University of Edinburgh’s Hospital for Small Animals, says that when a coughing cat is brought to the clinic, she must first establish if [ARTICLE] cause is [ARTICLE] infection, asthma, or something more sinister, like a lung mass.

To do this, Reed usually performs an x-ray, takes a lung fluid sample, and conducts a bronchcoscopy _ an examination that uses a flexible microscope inserted into the cat’s airway.

Most of the time, asthma is a mild disease, Reed says. But in some cases cat’s lungs collapse or their ribs fracture due to difficulty in breathing.

“I think if we can identify asthmatic cats quite early and get treatments on board to suppress their cough, then hopefully we can avoid them coming to such extremes,” she said.

(Adapted from http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/10/1025_051025_cat_asthma.html)

No texto, cat’s lungs está

(UFAL/2009)

Caffeine is the world’s [common] mood-altering drug, and more kids are consuming it in higher quantities. About a third of 12- to 24-year-olds chug energy drinks, which are often marketed to teens. How much is too much? The Food and Drug Administration doesn’t regulate [genitive case], but Health Canada recommends that children ages 4 to 6 ingest no more than 45mg of caffeine a day (one cup of tea or one can of cola); kids ages 7 to 9 no more than 62.6mg, and those ages 10 to 12 no more than 85mg. Teens ages 13 and up should not exceed 400mg, the same as a healthy adult. An 8-ounce cup of brewed coffee contains about 135mg of caffeine; an 8-ounce Red Bull has about 76mg.

Because children [weigh] less than adults, they’re more susceptible to the chemical’s effects, says child psychiatrist Elizabeth Burger, a spokes-person for the American Academy for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. As with adults, caffeine can keep young children up at night and contribute to higher blood pressure, a racing heart rate and a grouchy or overly excited mood. During the summer, caffeine can quickly make your child dehydrated.

By Tina Peng – Newsweek

O caso genitivo [genitive case] correto retirado do primeiro parágrafo é:

(URCA CE/2007)

The possessive case is NOT used correctly in:

 (ITA SP/2015)

THE MAN IN THE CONVERTIBLE

¹ One morning, well after I was diagnosed with cancer, I got an email from Robbee Kosak, Carnegie ² Mellon’s vice president for advancement. She told me a story.

³ She said she had been driving home from work the night before, and she found herself behind a man ⁴ in a convertible. It was a warm, gorgeous, early-spring evening, and the man had his top down and all his ⁵ windows lowered. His arm was hanging over the driver’s side door, and his fingers were tapping along to the ⁶ music on his radio. His head was bobbing along, too, as the wind blew through his hair.

⁷ Robbee changed lanes and pulled a little closer. From the side, she could see that the man had a ⁸ slight smile on his face, the kind of absentminded smile a person might have when he’s all alone, happy in ⁹ his own thoughts. Robbee found herself thinking: “Wow, this is the epitome of a person appreciating this day ¹⁰ and this moment.”

¹¹ The convertible eventually turned the corner, and that’s when Robbee got a look at the man’s full face. ¹² “Oh my God,” she said to herself. “It’s Randy Pausch!”

¹³ She was so struck by the sight of me. She knew that my cancer diagnosis was grim. And yet, as she ¹⁴ wrote in her email, she was moved by how contented I seemed. In this private moment, I was obviously in ¹⁵ high spirits. Robbee wrote in her email: “You can never know how much that glimpse of you made my day, ¹⁶ reminding me of what life is all about.”

¹⁷ I read Robbee’s email several times. I came to look at it as a feedback loop of sorts.

¹⁸ It has not always been easy to stay positive through my cancer treatment. When you have a dire ¹⁹ medical issue, it’s tough to know how you’re really faring emotionally. I had wondered whether a part of me ²⁰ was acting when I was with other people. Maybe at times I forced myself to appear strong and upbeat. Many ²¹ cancer patients feel obliged to put up a brave front. Was I doing that, too?

²² But Robbee had come upon me in an unguarded moment. I’d like to think she saw me as I am. She ²³ certainly saw me as I was that evening.

²⁴ Her mail was just a paragraph, but it meant a great deal to me. She had given me a window into ²⁵ myself. I was still fully engaged. I still knew life was good. I was doing OK.

Fonte: PAUSCH, R. The last lecture. New York, Hyperion, 2008. p.64-65.

Com relação às escolhas lexicais do autor no texto, pode-se afirmar que

(Mackenzie SP/2009)

The following text.

MOVIES

Why Is This Woman Smiling?

Julia R. is a superstar, but her box-office reign might be over.

By Ramin Setoodeh

Julia Roberts’s fans have always had a theory about __( I )__. When her hair is red and long and curly, as it was in “Pretty Woman” and “My Best Friend’s Wedding,” she’s at her most delicious. When her hair is short (“Conspiracy Theory,” “Stepmom”) she’s playing someone serious, and the movie is seriously mediocre. When her hair is short and blonde and looks as though it were inspired by Eleanor Roosevelt (“Charlie Wilson’s War”), get ready to hit the DVD eject button. In “Duplicity,” a new romantic spy thriller costarring Clive Owen, Roberts is poised to make her triumphant return after essentially taking five years off to raise her three children. No, the studio hasn’t let us see “Duplicity” yet, but everything you need to know is on display in the trailer, starting with the red hair. So, too, is the wicked tongue from “Erin Brockovich” and, almost as important, that infectious, giddy laugh that booms so loudly, it comes with its own echo.

(www.newsweek.com)

The possessive form that properly fills in the blank I, in the text, is

(UECE CE/2004)

THE TREE MASSACRE

by Alex Shoumatoff

The paper industry is destroying¹¹ one of America’s last great stands of native forest²⁵ to bring you fresh shopping¹² bags and toilet paper.

If there were an international tribunal that prosecuted⁹ crimes against the planet, like the one in The Hague that deals²³ with crimes against humanity, what is happening²² on the Cumberland Plateau in eastern Tennessee would undoubtedly be indictable.

The crime — one of many clandestine ecocides American corporations are committing¹ around the world — has taken² place²⁸ over three decades. About 200,000 acres on this tableland have already been clear-cut³⁰ by the paper industry, and the cutting¹³ continues³. Where once grew¹⁰ some of the most biologically rich hardwood forest in North America’s Temperate Zone (which extends⁴ from the Gulf of Mexico to southern Canada), there are now row after row of fast-growing loblolly pine trees genetically engineered to yield the most pulp in the shortest time. But the paper industry’s insatiable appetite²⁶ for timber has met⁵ with unexpected competition from an equally voracious insect. In the last four years, an estimated 50 to 70 percent of the pines planted⁶ on the plateau have been devoured³¹ by the southern pine beetle. The entire South has been ravaged³² by the worst outbreak in its history of this native predator of pine trees, caused by the tremendous increase in the amount of pine available for it to eat on the industry plantations that have replaced²⁰ the native forest. Unable to salvage its dead timber, the paper industry has been losing¹⁷ hundreds of millions of dollars. Yet it seems⁷ still committed to destroying¹⁶ what remains²⁴ of the extraordinarily lush forest on the Cumberland Plateau, which, along with eastern Tennessee’s Great Valley and the Cumberland Mountains, has the highest concentration of endangered species in North America. The loss of biodiversity is tragic but also absurd economically; it doesn’t even make good business sense.

Not many people are aware of what is taking¹⁴ place³³. Nearly 90 percent of the Cumberland Plateau is in private hands and exempt from all but a few government regulations¹⁸. The federal and state agencies that are supposed to be regulating the paper, timber, and mining¹⁵ industries are populated with³⁴ these companies’ former executives and have come²⁹ to view these industries as clients whose permits and projects should be facilitated³⁵ rather than scrutinized. But a quarter of the world’s paper²⁷ and 60 percent of America’s wood products are being¹⁹ produced³⁶ in the South, and the will to address the abuses of the paper industry, which contributes⁸ millions of dollars to the campaign coffers of politicians around the country, just isn’t there — certainly not in Tennessee.

There’s another reason for the lack of public awareness: Much of the devastation is hidden from view by thin “beauty strips” of native forest left along the plateau’s highways. The only way to get the full picture is to go up in a small plane and see it from the air.

VOCABULÁRIO

loblolly pine – espécie de pinheiro

beetle – besouro, inseto

timber – madeira

to ravage – devastar

Nestas passagens do texto, America’s last great stands of native forest (ref.25), paper industry’s insatiable appetite (linhas ref.26), a quarter of the world’s paper (ref.27), o ’s é indicativo de:

(UEG GO/2009)

Language and Identity

Language and identity are two expressions that need to be explained. English is the official language in several countries, Chinese is the language spoken by Chinese people and Danish is how Danes speak. But languages could also be described as different ways of talking due to social background, education, profession, age and sex. A person’s language is connected to his social situation. People speak differently also because they belong to different social worlds. Identity can signify the very special characteristic of a person, something that makes him differ from others.

HERMANSSON, Kenneth. Disponível em:
<http://hem.passagen.se/pasteur/LanguageIdentity.htm&gt;.
Acesso em: 22 abr. 2009. (Adaptado).

Analisando os aspectos estruturais do texto,

(FATEC SP/2008)

THE FIGHT WE ARE IN NOW

LARRY KAPLOW

Capt. Neil Hollenbeck declines to secondguess whether America should have invaded Iraq. What he will say is this: “The reason we invaded Iraq to begin with and the reason we’re fighting now are different. We’re fighting different enemies now.“ He pauses to think. “The threat we’re fighting now is instability and terrorism.” Another pause. “The fight that we are in now is not one of our choosing. It’s just one we’re choosing not to walk away from.” Questions of winning and losing are above his rank, he adds, although he thinks a stable Iraq, with a government that can grow into its responsibilities, is “obtainable.”

That’s why he’s here, hunting down the last Al Qaeda in Iraq fighters in the rural Arab Jabour district, south of Baghdad. Hollenbeck and his troops live in an abandoned farmhouse with no running water or electricity, only a generator to run their radios and a light or two. He doesn’t mind roughing it; that’s part of the strategy. The main thing is to protect the people: you have to live among them, not on heavily fortified bases, as Gen. David Petraeus’s counterinsurgency manual says. When the book first came out, Hollenbeck was at Fort Benning, taking classes in conventional warfare between deployments to Iraq. He remembers how good it felt to read something that actually applied to the unconventional conflict he had seen in Iraq.

In these croplands and orchards along the Tigris, the war is less about good and evil than about managing ambiguities (although the “wanted” list at the farmhouse is headed “Bad Dudes”). “As a counterinsurgent, you’re winning when more and more of the people in the middle are leaning to you.” Hollenbeck’s father, an Army Ranger officer, saw close-up how Vietnam turned into a disaster. Compared to that war, Iraq these days is looking good.

(NEWSWEEK, MARCH, 2008)

Escolha a alternativa da qual se origina a construção “Hollenbeck’s father”